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AP Euro. 2nd PD. 12/ 16/ 2018 Scientific Revolution [Prompt]: Write about how the Scientific Revolution impacts the future from multiple aspects. [Introduction]: The Scientific Revolution took place in the 17th Century and was also named the “intellectual revolution” because of the establishment of new scientific ideas, research, and discoveries. It’s important to note that science was a well known concept prior to the 17th Century. Aristotle for example, discovered the geocentric theory (earth is the center of the universe) in the 4th Century B.C.E. His findings would later be challenged by Nicolaus Copernicus. He founded the heliocentric theory, which suggested that the earth actually rotates around the sun. This provided a basis for multiple questions and discoveries to be made. [Religious]: Science and the church experienced conflict due to the difference between scientific discovery and church teachings. Galileo Galilei, a catholic himself, confirmed Copernicus’ heliocentric theory through experimentation and his refracting telescope. Upon the church’s discovery they asked Galileo to recant, as he was put on trial for his discoveries. The main reason the church was in opposition was because these new scientific discoveries were contrary to their literal interpretation of the Bible. They concluded that earth was at the center of the universe because humans were on earth and man was the pinnacle of all creation. The indirect challenge to authority eventually leads to enlightenment thinkers purposefully challenging authorities. Their ideals leads to freedom of press and speech, in the United States Constitution. [Technology]: Technologically, there were advances that solidified scientific discoveries. Galileo’s innovated refracting telescope, allowed him to see things in space that no one else has seen previously. He discovered the 4 Galilean moons orbiting around Jupiter, and mountains and craters in the moon, which disregarded the belief that the moon had a smooth surface. The innovated movable type printing press allowed Galileo’s book; “Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems” to be published and spread quickly. Isaac Newton, founder of three laws of motion, also innovated the telescope by using reflecting mirrors instead of refracting lenses. His method produced a clearer image. Ultimately, technological advancements during this time allowed new discoveries to happen. The idea of improving a product by innovation is a concept that has lasted years and will continue in the future beyond my generation. [Intellectual]: The Scientific Revolution was also named the “Intellectual Revolution” because of the new ideas that emerged during the time. Important Scientists at the time came up with new concepts of scientific and social concepts. Johannes Kepler, a German mathematician and astronomer, discovered the laws of planetary motion, which described motions of planets in the solar system. Isaac Newton depended on Kepler's discoveries during his own experimentation. He discovered the three laws of motion, which incorporated the basic principles of modern physics, and ultimately results in the laws of universal gravitation. This era also endured new social concepts like inductive (conclusions are made through observation and deductive (starts with a premise, leads to a certain conclusion) reasoning. The difference between these two is that deductive reasoning searched for certainty and inductive reasoning searched for probability. The emergence of inductive reasoning through research of new scientific concepts, is a solid example of empiricism. Empiricism being the concept that knowledge is derived from sense experience. A large aspect of the Scientific Revolution was the intellectual ideas that emerged from it. The published work of new intellectual scientists leads to inspiration of new works that incorporate the basis of scientific and philosophical ideas. [Conclusion]: I have a confident belief that without the Scientific Revolution, the Enlightenment may have not been as successful when it came to standing up against the church, and spreading new governmental ideas. Overall the Scientific Revolution has a major impact on future events as it influenced majority of Enlightenment ideals, and because we still see scientific attributes in modern society.
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